Module 1: Pengenalan Sui Blockchain

Durasi: 2 jam (10:00 - 12:00)
Target: Memahami arsitektur unik Sui dan perbedaannya

🎯 Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah modul ini, Anda akan mampu:

Menjelaskan arsitektur object-centric Sui vs blockchain tradisional
Memahami mekanisme konsensus dan eksekusi paralel
Menyiapkan lingkungan pengembangan yang lengkap
Melakukan deployment dan berinteraksi dengan smart contract pertama
Menggunakan Sui Explorer dan memahami struktur transaksi

🧠 Konsep Inti

Catatan: Jika Anda belum familiar dengan dasar-dasar blockchain, silakan baca Module 0: Pengenalan Blockchain & Web3 terlebih dahulu.

Apa yang Membuat Sui Berbeda?

Sui adalah blockchain Layer 1 generasi terbaru yang merevolusi cara kita berpikir tentang arsitektur blockchain:

🔄 Model Berpusat pada Objek

Blockchain Tradisional (Ethereum):
Akun A (Saldo: 100 ETH) → Akun B (Saldo: 50 ETH)

Blockchain Sui:  
Objek 1 (Pemilik: Alice, Nilai: 100) → Objek 2 (Pemilik: Bob, Nilai: 50)

Perbedaan Utama:

Fitur	Ethereum	Sui
Model Data	Berbasis akun	Berpusat pada objek
Penyimpanan State	Pohon state global	Kepemilikan objek individual
Eksekusi	Pemrosesan berurutan	Paralel jika memungkinkan
Bahasa	Solidity	Move
Finalitas	12+ detik	Di bawah 1 detik untuk tx sederhana
Throughput	15 TPS	120,000+ TPS secara teoritis

🚀 Mesin Eksekusi Paralel

// Transaksi A: Transfer Objek X dari Alice ke Bob
// Transaksi B: Transfer Objek Y dari Carol ke Dave  
// ✅ Ini bisa dieksekusi secara paralel (objek berbeda)

// Transaksi A: Modifikasi Objek X  
// Transaksi B: Juga modifikasi Objek X
// ❌ Ini harus dieksekusi secara berurutan (objek sama)

🏗️ Gambaran Arsitektur Sui

1. Layer Konsensus (Narwhal & Tusk)

Narwhal: Mempool throughput tinggi untuk pengurutan transaksi
Tusk: Konsensus tahan kesalahan Byzantine untuk finalisasi
Hasil: 120,000+ TPS dengan finalitas di bawah 1 detik

2. Mesin Eksekusi

Paralelisme berbasis objek: Objek independen = pemrosesan paralel
Pengurutan kausal: Transaksi dependen dieksekusi dalam urutan yang benar
Optimasi gas: Bayar hanya untuk komputasi yang benar-benar digunakan

3. Layer Penyimpanan

Object Store: Setiap objek disimpan dengan metadata (ID, versi, pemilik)
Versioning: Melacak mutasi objek dari waktu ke waktu
Pruning: Versi lama dapat dibersihkan

4. Runtime Move

Keamanan Resource: Tipe linear mencegah double-spending
Verifikasi Formal: Bukti matematis kebenaran
Gas Metering: Pengukuran biaya komputasi yang presisi

⚙️ Setup Lingkungan (30 menit)

Langkah 1: Install Sui CLI

macOS:

brew install sui

Windows (PowerShell):

winget install sui

Linux/Install Manual:

# Install Rust dulu
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh

# Install Sui
cargo install --locked --git https://github.com/MystenLabs/sui.git --branch testnet sui

Langkah 2: Verifikasi Instalasi

sui --version
# Output: sui 1.x.x-xxxxxxx

Step 3: Initialize Sui Client

# Initialize client configuration  
sui client

# Check available environments
sui client envs

# Add testnet environment
sui client new-env --alias testnet --rpc https://fullnode.testnet.sui.io:443

# Switch to testnet (recommended for learning)
sui client switch --env testnet

# Generate new address
sui client new-address ed25519

# List your addresses
sui client addresses

Expected Output:

╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ Addresses                                                   │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ alias │ address                                               │
│ alice │ 0x742d...8c92                                        │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

Step 4: Setup Wallet & Get Testnet Tokens

Option A: Browser Wallet Setup (Sui Wallet)

Install Sui Wallet browser extension
Create new wallet atau import existing
Switch to Testnet network
Copy your wallet address

Option B: Browser Wallet Setup (Slush Wallet)

Install Slush Wallet browser extension
Create new wallet atau import existing
Switch to Testnet network
Copy your wallet address

Option C: Use CLI Address

Use address generated di Step 3
Export private key jika diperlukan:

sui keytool export <ADDRESS> --key-scheme ed25519

Import Browser Wallet ke CLI

Jika Anda menggunakan Slush atau Sui Wallet, Anda bisa import private key ke CLI:

From Slush Wallet:

Open Slush Wallet → Settings → Security → Export Private Key
Copy private key (format: 0x...)
Import ke CLI:

# Import private key ke CLI
sui keytool import "<PRIVATE_KEY>" ed25519

# Set sebagai active address
sui client switch --address <ADDRESS>

# Verify import berhasil
sui client addresses

From Sui Wallet:

Open Sui Wallet → Settings → Export Private Key
Copy private key
Import dengan command yang sama di atas

Get Test Tokens

# Request testnet tokens via CLI
sui client faucet

# Alternative: visit faucet website
# https://faucet.sui.io/
# Paste your address dan request tokens

Verify Balance:

# Check balance via CLI
sui client balance

# Check specific address
sui client balance <ADDRESS>

Step 5: VS Code Setup

Install VS Code
Install Sui Move Extension:
- Open VS Code
- Go to Extensions (Ctrl+Shift+X)
- Search "Sui Move"
- Install official extension

💡 Understanding Sui Objects

Object Structure Deep Dive

Every object di Sui memiliki:

struct Object {
    id: UID,           // Globally unique identifier
    version: u64,      // Increments with each mutation
    owner: Owner,      // Who can access this object
    type: TypeName,    // Defined by Move struct
}

Object Ownership Types

1. Owned Objects

// Only specific address can access
transfer::transfer(coin, recipient_address);

2. Shared Objects

// Anyone can access (e.g., liquidity pools)
transfer::share_object(pool);

3. Immutable Objects

// Cannot be modified (e.g., published packages)
transfer::freeze_object(metadata);

Object Lifecycle Example

// 1. Create object
let coin = coin::mint(&mut treasury, 1000, ctx);
// Object ID: 0xabc123, Version: 0, Owner: Treasury

// 2. Transfer object  
transfer::public_transfer(coin, @alice);
// Object ID: 0xabc123, Version: 1, Owner: Alice

// 3. Modify object
coin::burn(&mut treasury, coin);
// Object ID: 0xabc123, Version: 2, Status: Destroyed

✅ Exercise 1: First Contract Deployment (45 menit)

Step 1: Create New Project

# Create Move project
sui move new hello_sui
cd hello_sui

Step 2: Project Structure

hello_sui/
├── Move.toml          # Project configuration
├── sources/           # Move source files
│   └── hello.move     # Your smart contract
└── tests/            # Test files

Step 3: Configure Move.toml

[package]
name = "hello_sui"
version = "0.0.1"
edition = "2024.beta"

[dependencies]
Sui = { git = "https://github.com/MystenLabs/sui.git", subdir = "crates/sui-framework/packages/sui-framework", rev = "framework/testnet" }

[addresses]  
hello_sui = "0x0"

Step 4: Write Hello World Contract

Create sources/hello.move:

module hello_sui::hello_world {
    use std::string::{utf8, String};
    use sui::event;

    /// Greeting object that stores a message
    public struct Greeting has key, store {
        id: object::UID,
        message: String,
        creator: address,
    }

    /// Event emitted when greeting is created
    public struct GreetingCreated has copy, drop {
        greeting_id: address,
        message: String,
        creator: address,
    }

    /// Create a new greeting with custom message
    #[allow(lint(self_transfer))]
    public fun create_greeting(
        message_bytes: vector<u8>,
        ctx: &mut tx_context::TxContext
    ) {
        let message = utf8(message_bytes);
        let creator = tx_context::sender(ctx);
        
        let greeting = Greeting {
            id: object::new(ctx),
            message,
            creator,
        };

        let greeting_id = object::uid_to_address(&greeting.id);

        // Emit event
        event::emit(GreetingCreated {
            greeting_id,
            message,
            creator,
        });

        // Transfer to creator
        transfer::public_transfer(greeting, creator);
    }

    /// Get greeting message (read-only)
    public fun get_message(greeting: &Greeting): String {
        greeting.message
    }

    /// Get greeting creator
    public fun get_creator(greeting: &Greeting): address {
        greeting.creator
    }

    /// Update greeting message (only creator)
    public fun update_message(
        greeting: &mut Greeting,
        new_message: vector<u8>,
        ctx: &tx_context::TxContext
    ) {
        assert!(greeting.creator == tx_context::sender(ctx), 0);
        greeting.message = utf8(new_message);
    }

    #[test_only]
    public fun create_greeting_for_testing(
        message_bytes: vector<u8>,
        ctx: &mut tx_context::TxContext
    ): Greeting {
        let message = utf8(message_bytes);
        Greeting {
            id: object::new(ctx),
            message,
            creator: tx_context::sender(ctx),
        }
    }
}

Step 5: Build Contract

sui move build

Expected Success Output:

BUILDING hello_sui
BUILDING Sui
Build Successful

Step 6: Deploy to Testnet

sui client publish --gas-budget 20000000

Save Important Information:

Package ID: Your deployed module identifier
Transaction Digest: Proof of deployment
Gas Used: Deployment cost

Step 7: Interact with Contract

Create Greeting

# Call create_greeting function
sui client call \
  --package <PACKAGE_ID> \
  --module hello_world \
  --function create_greeting \
  --args 'Hello from Sui Workshop!' \
  --gas-budget 10000000

Expected Output:

╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ Transaction Summary                                         │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Transaction Digest: 5x8K...9mN2                           │
│ Status: Success                                             │
│ Gas Cost: 1,234,567 MIST                                   │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│ Created Objects                                             │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ObjectID: 0xabc123...def456                                │
│ Version: 1                                                  │
│ Owner: 0x742d035a21bf1c1c8b2d8c92                          │
│ ObjectType: hello_sui::hello_world::Greeting               │
╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

Check Greeting Object

# View greeting object details
sui client object <GREETING_OBJECT_ID>

# List all objects owned by your active address
sui client objects

# Filter only Greeting objects (replace <PACKAGE_ID>)
sui client objects --filter StructType --struct-type '<PACKAGE_ID>::hello_world::Greeting'

View Greeting Message

# Read-only call to get the message
sui client call \
  --package <PACKAGE_ID> \
  --module hello_world \
  --function get_message \
  --args <GREETING_OBJECT_ID> \
  --gas-budget 1000000

Update Greeting Message

# Update message (hanya creator yang bisa)
# Only the creator can update; note two args: object id + new message
sui client call \
  --package <PACKAGE_ID> \
  --module hello_world \
  --function update_message \
  --args <GREETING_OBJECT_ID> 'Updated message from workshop!' \
  --gas-budget 5000000

Create Multiple Greetings

# For a friend
sui client call \
  --package <PACKAGE_ID> \
  --module hello_world \
  --function create_greeting \
  --args 'Selamat belajar Sui blockchain!' \
  --gas-budget 10000000

# In English
sui client call \
  --package <PACKAGE_ID> \
  --module hello_world \
  --function create_greeting \
  --args 'Welcome to Sui development!' \
  --gas-budget 10000000

Check Transaction History

# Detail specific transaction
sui client transaction <TRANSACTION_DIGEST>

🔍 Exploring Sui Explorer (15 menit)

Navigate to Sui Explorer

Visit: https://suiscan.xyz/testnet
Search your Transaction Digest
Explore:
- Transaction details
- Objects created/modified
- Events emitted
- Gas usage breakdown

Understanding Transaction Structure

{
  "digest": "0x742d...8c92",
  "transaction": {
    "data": {
      "messageVersion": "v1",
      "transaction": {
        "kind": "ProgrammableTransaction",
        "inputs": [...],
        "transactions": [...]
      }
    }
  },
  "effects": {
    "status": { "status": "success" },
    "gasUsed": {...},
    "created": [...],
    "mutated": [...]
  }
}

Key Components:

Inputs: Function arguments dan object references
Commands: Operations to execute
Effects: State changes yang terjadi
Gas: Computational cost breakdown

🎯 Module Wrap-up (15 menit)

Key Takeaways

Sui's Unique Architecture:
- Object-centric model enables parallel execution
- Move language provides resource safety
- Sub-second finality untuk simple transactions
Development Workflow:
- sui move new → sui move build → sui client publish
- Testnet untuk development, mainnet untuk production
- CLI tools untuk interaction dan debugging
Object Model Mastery:
- Every state adalah object dengan UID
- Ownership determines access control
- Version tracking untuk consistency

Common Gotchas

❌ Forgetting gas budget: Always specify sufficient gas
❌ Wrong network: Make sure using testnet untuk learning
❌ Missing dependencies: Verify Move.toml configuration
❌ Address confusion: CLI vs wallet addresses

Quick Knowledge Check

What makes Sui different from Ethereum?
What are the three object ownership types?
How do you deploy a Move contract?
Where can you view transaction details?

🎯 Excellent! You've mastered Sui basics.

👉 Continue to Module 2: Move Language Basics →

Next up: Deep dive into Move programming language dan build more sophisticated contracts.

🎯 Tujuan Pembelajaran​

🧠 Konsep Inti​

Apa yang Membuat Sui Berbeda?​

🔄 Model Berpusat pada Objek​

🚀 Mesin Eksekusi Paralel​

🏗️ Gambaran Arsitektur Sui​

1. Layer Konsensus (Narwhal & Tusk)​

2. Mesin Eksekusi​

3. Layer Penyimpanan​

4. Runtime Move​

⚙️ Setup Lingkungan (30 menit)​

Langkah 1: Install Sui CLI​

Langkah 2: Verifikasi Instalasi​

Step 3: Initialize Sui Client​

Step 4: Setup Wallet & Get Testnet Tokens​

Option A: Browser Wallet Setup (Sui Wallet)​

Option B: Browser Wallet Setup (Slush Wallet)​

Option C: Use CLI Address​

Import Browser Wallet ke CLI​

Get Test Tokens​

Step 5: VS Code Setup​

💡 Understanding Sui Objects​

Object Structure Deep Dive​

Object Ownership Types​

1. Owned Objects​

2. Shared Objects​

3. Immutable Objects​

Object Lifecycle Example​

✅ Exercise 1: First Contract Deployment (45 menit)​

Step 1: Create New Project​

Step 2: Project Structure​

Step 3: Configure Move.toml​

Step 4: Write Hello World Contract​

Step 5: Build Contract​

Step 6: Deploy to Testnet​

Step 7: Interact with Contract​

Create Greeting​

Check Greeting Object​

View Greeting Message​

Update Greeting Message​

Create Multiple Greetings​

Check Transaction History​

🔍 Exploring Sui Explorer (15 menit)​

Navigate to Sui Explorer​

Understanding Transaction Structure​

🎯 Module Wrap-up (15 menit)​

Key Takeaways​

Common Gotchas​

Quick Knowledge Check​